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Vijaya Kumar, G.
- Validated RP- HPLC Method for the Quantitation of Ritonavir in Bulk and Capsule Dosage forms
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Bharathi College of Pharmacy, Bharathi Nagara, K.M. Doddi, Maddur Taluk, Mandya District, Karnataka, IN
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Bharathi College of Pharmacy, Bharathi Nagara, K.M. Doddi, Maddur Taluk, Mandya District, Karnataka, IN
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 6, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 04-06Abstract
A simple, specific, accurate, precise and sensitive reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the quantitation of Ritonavir in both pure and capsule dosage forms. An intertsil C- 18, 5 μm column having 250×4.6 mm i.d. in isocratic mode with mobile phase containing acetonitrile: acetate buffer pH 4.0 (70:30). The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min and the effluents were monitored at 248 nm. The retention time was 3.12 min. The linearity was in the range of 10-50 mcg/ml. All the system suitability parameters were found within the range. This method was extensively validated for linearity, precision, specificity, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, accuracy, ruggedness and robustness. The recovery technique was performed to study the accuracy and reproducibility of the proposed method that the recovery of Ritonavir is satisfactory. Thus it can be concluded that the method in the present investigation is simple, sensitive, accurate, rapid and precise. The statistical analysis proves that the method is reproducible and selective. Hence, the above said method can be successfully applied for the routine estimation of Ritonavir in bulk and capsule dosage forms.Keywords
Ritonavir, RP-HPLC, Validation
References
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- Channabasavaraj KP and Chiranjeevi K. Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for quantitative estimation of Ritonavir in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research. 2; 2011: 596- 600.
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- Sudha T Vanitha R and Ganesan V. Development and validation of RP-HPLC and HPTLC methods for the estimation of Ritonavir in bulk and pharmaceutical formulation. Der pharma chemical. 3; 2011: 127-134.
- Robert A Nash and Alfred H Wachter. Pharmaceutical Process Validation. An international 3rd edition. New York. James Swarbrick, North Carolina, Revised and Expanded, Volume 129, Marcel Dekker,Inc., 507-522.
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- Prediction of Surface Roughness in Drilling of Al 7075/10% - SiCp Composite under MQL Condition using Fuzzy Logic
Abstract Views :151 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati- 517502, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati- 517502, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 8, No 12 (2015), Pagination:Abstract
The main aim of this study is to examine the influence of drilling parameters on Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite (Al7075/10% - SiCp). The Drilling experiments were conducted according to Taguchi L27 orthogonal array on Al7075/10% - SiCp composite with uncoated and coated HSS tools under MQL environment. The input parameters were used is speed, feed, tool material, point angle and cutting environment for 3 levels. This composite is fabricated using 53 μm sized SiC particles reinforced into aluminium matrix material via stir casting process. The surface roughness is considered as experimental result and it is predicted using fuzzy logic. The results specify that the predicted surface roughness values and experimental surface roughness values are close to each other and surface roughness can be predicated efficiently by fuzzy logic modeling technique.Keywords
Al7075/10% - SiCp Metal Matrix Composite, Drilling, Surface Roughness (Ra), Fuzzy Logic Modeling, Stirr CastingFull Text
- Analysis of Surface Roughness, Material Removal Rate and Temperature in Milling of En 31 for Die Making under Minimum Quantity Lubirication Condition
Abstract Views :266 |
PDF Views:2
Authors
Affiliations
1 S V University, Tirupati, IN
1 S V University, Tirupati, IN
Source
Manufacturing Technology Today, Vol 16, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 11-17Abstract
Conventional milling process remains its importance as it is flexible in cutting dovetails, keyways and slots etc., although Non-traditional machining process are playing major role in machining industry. In other hand Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) refers a little (50-5600ml/hr) lubricant dispensing system which is the substitute for the flood type lubricating system which dispenses 20 L/h of lubricant. In this work, milling experiments are conducted on En-31 material for making die using solid carbide tool and HSS tools under MQL condition. The effect of process parameters such as speed (S), depth of cut (DOC), coolant type (CT), tool material (TM), and amount of coolant dispensed (ACD) on cutting temperature, material removal rate and surface roughness is investigated. A special setup is prepared for regulating the minimum quantity of lubricant. The responses such as Temperature, Material Removal Rate and Surface Roughness are measured and regression models are developed for these responses. Regression models are solved using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique.Keywords
Milling Operation, Particle Swarm Optimization, En 31, MQL Setup.References
- Anand Babu, K; Vijaya Kumar, G; Venkataramaiah, P: Prediction of Surface Roughness in Drilling of Al 7075/10% - SiCp Composite under MQL Condition using Fuzzy Logic, ‘Indian Journal of Science and Technology’, vol. 8, no. 12, 2015, 54074.
- Tunc, Lutfi Taner; Gu, Yuchen; Burke, Mary Grace: Effects Of Minimal Quantity Lubrication (MQL) On Surface Integrity In Robotic Milling Of Austenitic Stainless Steel, ‘Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 3rd CIRP Conference on Surface Integrity (CIRP CSI)’, doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2016.
- Kedare, SB; Borse, DR; Shahane, PT: Effect of Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) on Surface Roughness of Mild Steel of 15HRC on Universal Milling Machine, ‘3rd International Conference on Materials Processing and Characterization', ICMPC, 2014.
- Goyal, Anurag; Jasvir, S; Tiwana, Amrit Pal: A Review study on Minimum Quantity Lubrication in Machining, ‘International Journal of Recent Development in Engineering and Technology’, ISSN: 2347 - 6435, vol. 2, no. 5, May 2014.
- Hossain, Md. Shahriar Jahan; Ahmad, Nafis: A neuro-fuzzy approach to select cutting parameters for commercial die manufacturing,’ 10th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICME 2013, 'Procedia Engineering', vol. 90, 2014, 753 - 759.
- Loginsa, Andris; Torimsa, Toms: The Influence of High-Speed Milling Strategies on 3D Surface Roughness Parameters, 25th DAAAM International Symposium on Intelligent Manufacturing and Automation, 2014, 'Procedia Engineering', vol. 100, 2015, 1253 - 1261.
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- Rajesh Choudhary; Kumar, H; Garg, RK: Analysis and Evaluation of Heat Affected Zones in Electric Discharge Machining of EN 31 Die Steel,’ Indian Journal of Engineering & Material Sciences’, vol. 17, 2010, 91-98.
- Dave, HK; Patel, LS; Raval, HK: Effect of machining conditions on MRR and surface roughness during CNC Turning of different Materials Using TiN Coated Cutting Tools – A Taguchi approach, ‘International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations', vol. 3, no. 5, April 2012, 925-930.
- Arunkumar, N; Rawoof, Shareef Abdur H; Vivek, R: Investigation on the Effect of Process Parameters For Machining of EN31 (Air Hardened Steel) By EDM, ‘International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA)’, ISSN: 2248-9622, www.ijera.com, vol. 2, no. 4, July-August 2012, 1111-1121.
- Tsai, CY; Yeh, SW: A Multiple objective particle swarm optimization approach for Inventory Classification,’ 'International Journal of Production Economics', vol. 114, no. 2, Feb 2008, 656-666.
- Sreenivasa Rao, M; Venkaiah, N: Parametric Optimization In Machining of Nimonic-263 Alloy Using RSM And Particle Swarm Optimization,’ 2nd International Conference on Nanomaterials and Technologies (CNT 2014)’, Procedia Materials Science 10, 2015, 70-79.
- Cus, F; Zuperl, U; Gecevska, V: High speed end-milling optimization using Particle Swarm Intelligence, ‘Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering’, www.journalamme.org, vol. 22, no. 2, June, 2007.
- Rajyalakshmi, G; Koushik, Thatipally; Kalyan, Tammu: Parametric Optimization In Wedm Using Particle Swarm Optimization Technique, ‘Proceedings of 56th IRF International Conference’, 29th May, 2016, Pune, India, ISBN: 978-93-86083-26-5.
- James, Kennedy; Russell, Eberhart: Particle Swarm Optimisation, ' Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks', vol. 4, 1942–1948. doi:10.1109/ICNN.1995.488968
- A Study on Access Point Selection Algorithms in Wireless Mesh Networks
Abstract Views :120 |
PDF Views:1
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, G Pulla Reddy Engineering College, Kurnool, IN
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, JNT University, Anantapuramu, IN
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, G Pulla Reddy Engineering College, Kurnool, IN
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, JNT University, Anantapuramu, IN
Source
International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications, Vol 6, No 1 (2014), Pagination: 2158-2167Abstract
In IEEE 802.11 based wireless mesh network (WMN), a mesh client often finds multiple access points (AP) to associate with. How to select the best AP is the open research problem. The traditional AP selection method defined by IEEE 802.11 standard is based on received signal strength. This method is proven inefficient as it does not consider many important factors such as channel conditions, AP load, etc. Many alternate solutions have been proposed so far in the literature, but they are all focused on wireless local area network (WLAN) environment. As there are significant differences between WLAN and WMN, all these proposed association mechanisms must be redesigned to fit into WMN environment. This paper studies the AP selection problem in the context of WMN. We critically analyze the existing work and identify technical challenges involved in AP selection problem. This paper also provides directions to design the metrics of AP selection method in WMN.Keywords
Access Link Metric, AP Load Balancing, AP Selection, Cross-Layer Association, Dynamic Association, IEEE 802.11 WMN.Full Text
- Development of Fuzzy Logic Technique for Modeling Surface Roughness in Drilling of EN24 Steel with Coated Tools
Abstract Views :151 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, S. V. University, Tirupati, A. P., IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, S. V. University, Tirupati, A. P., IN
Source
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology, Vol 3, No 11 (2014), Pagination: 1391-1396Abstract
The present paper focused on the application of fuzzy logic for predicting the surface Roughness (Ra) in drilling of EN24 Steel using uncoated and coated tools. For conducting drilling experiments Taguchi L16 orthogonal array was used. The Taguchi method and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is employed to find out the influences of machining parameters on surface roughness for their optimization. The machining parameters used in the experiment were drilling speed, feed, tool type and coolant. The obtained experimental results were analyzed and the results revealed that coolant was the prevailing factor on the surface roughness followed by tool type, feed and speed. In addition, the fuzzy predicted values and experimental values of surface roughness are fairly close to each other. Therefore, the developed fuzzy logic model can be effectively used to predict the surface roughness in drilling of EN24 Steel.Keywords
Drilling, Surface Roughness, Taguchi, ANOVA, Fuzzy Logic Modeling Technique, EN24 Steel.Full Text